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The mononuclear spot test or monospot test, a form of the heterophile antibody test, is a rapid test for infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). It is an improvement on the Paul-Bunnell test.〔(J. Clin. Path. (1969), 22, 321-323 )〕 The test is specific for heterophile antibodies produced by the human immune system in response to EBV infection. Commercially available test kits are 70-92% sensitive and 96-100% specific, with a lower sensitivity in the first two weeks after clinical symptoms begin. It will generally not be positive during the 4-6 week incubation period before the onset of symptoms. It will also not generally be positive after active infection has subsided, even though the virus persists in the same cells in the body for the rest of the carrier's life. ==Process== The test relies on the agglutination of the horse RBCs by heterophile antibodies in patient's serum. Heterophile means it reacts with proteins across species lines.〔(heterophil - Definitions from Dictionary.com )〕 Heterophile also can mean that it is an antibody that reacts with antigens other than the antigen that stimulated it (an antibody that crossreacts). A 20% suspension of horse red cells is used in an isotonic 3-8% sodium citrate formulation. One drop of the patient’s serum to be tested is mixed on an opal glass slide with one drop of a particulate suspension of guinea-pig kidney stroma, and a suspension of beef red cell stroma; sera and suspensions are mixed with a wooden applicator 10 times. Ten micro liters of the horse red cell suspension are then added and mixed with each drop of adsorbed serum. The mixture is left undisturbed for one minute (not rocked or shaken). Examine for the presence or absence of red cell agglutination. If stronger with the sera adsorbed with guinea-pig kidney, the test is positive. If stronger with the sera adsorbed with beef red cell stroma, the test is negative. If agglutination is absent in both mixtures, the test is negative. A known 'positive' and 'negative' control serum is tested with each batch of test sera. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heterophile antibody test」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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